Compilation of sB-Dependent General Stress Genes in Bacillus subtilis
Last modified on October
1, 2001
Known or inferred sB-dependent genes have been identified by
a variety of approaches (see the original reference indicated for each gene).
Here they are listed in categories based on their expression mechanisms. Category One genes are the best studied and have clear sB recognition sequences that have been experimentally
associated with expression. These Category One genes are considered the "known"
sB-dependent genes. In contrast, Categories Two and Three
comprise the "inferred" sB-dependent genes. For Category Two genes, possible sB recognition sequences have been identified
upstream of the open reading frame of interest, but the function of these
sequences has not been confirmed. For
Category Three genes, no obvious sB recognition
sequences have been found, and many are likely to be indirectly dependent
on sB.
The emerging view is that relatively few genes in the sB regulon serve to directly counter environmental
stress. Instead, it appears that
the general stress response brings about a metabolic realignment that confers
a more passive stress resistance.
Category One Genes. Recognition sequences experimentally associated
with expression.
|
Gene1 |
Known or inferred function2 |
Reference |
|
bmrU |
COG1597/Uncharacterized
ancient conserved region |
Petersohn et al (1999a) |
|
ctc |
COG1825/Ribosomal prot
L25 (general stress prot Ctc) |
Igo et al (1987) |
|
clpP |
Clp energy-dependent
protease |
Gerth et al (1998) |
|
csbA |
unknown |
Boylan et al (1991) |
|
csbB |
COG0463/Glycosyltransferases
in cell wall biogenesis |
Akbar et al (1996) |
|
csbC |
COG0477/Permeases of
major facilitator superfamily |
Akbar et al (1999) |
|
csbD |
COG3237/Uncharacterized
bacterial conserved region |
Ibid |
|
csbX |
COG0477/Permeases of
major facilitator superfamily |
Gomez & Cutting (1997) |
|
=bofC |
Sporulation control;
checkpoint for sK processing |
Ibid |
|
ctsR |
Repressor of Class III
heat shock genes |
Krüger et al (1996) |
|
=mcsA |
Positive regulator of
CtsR repression; putative Zn finger |
Ibid |
|
=mcsB |
Negative regulator of
CtrR repression; putative kinase |
Ibid |
|
=clpC |
Clp ATPase |
Ibid |
|
=radA (sms) |
UV and methyl methane-sulfonate
resistance |
Ibid |
|
=yakK (comY) |
UV resistance and genetic
competence |
Ibid |
|
dps |
COG0783/Starvation-induced
DNA binding protein |
Antelmann et al (1997a) |
|
gsiB |
Possible desiccation
stress protein |
Maul et al (1995) |
|
gspA |
COG1442/Lipopolysaccharide
biosynthesis proteins |
Antelmann et al (1995) |
|
gtaB |
UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase |
Varón et al (1993) |
|
katB |
Stationary-phase catalase
2 |
Engelmann et al (1995) |
|
katX |
Spore germination and
outgrowth catalase |
Petersohn et al (1999c) |
|
nadE |
NAD synthetase |
Antelmann et al (1997b) |
|
opuE |
Osmoregulated proline
transport |
von Blohn et al (1997) |
|
rsbV |
Anti-anti-s factor regulating sB
activity |
Kalman et al (1990) |
|
=rsbW |
Anti-s factor regulating sB
activity |
Ibid |
|
=sigB |
sB
structural gene |
Ibid |
|
=rsbX |
Feedback PP2C phosphatase
regulating sB
activity |
Ibid |
|
trxA |
Probable thioredoxin;
essential gene |
Scharf et al (1998) |
|
ycnH |
COG1012/NAD-dependent
aldehyde dehydrogenases |
Petersohn et al (1999b) |
|
ydaD |
COG1028/Dehydrogenases
with different specificities |
Petersohn et al (1999a) |
|
=ydaE |
unknown |
Ibid |
|
ydaG |
unknown |
Ibid |
|
ydaP |
COG0028/Thiamine pyrophosphate-requiring
enzyme |
Ibid |
|
ydbD |
COG3546/Mn-containing
catalase |
Price et al (2001) |
|
ydfO |
COG0346/Lactoylglutathione
lyase |
Ibid |
|
yfkJ |
COG0394/Protein tyrosine
phosphatase |
Ibid |
|
=yfkI |
unknown |
Ibid |
|
=yfkH |
COG1295/tRNA processing
ribonuclease BN |
Ibid |
|
yflA |
COG1115/Na+/alanine symporter |
Petersohn et al (1999b) |
|
yjbC |
unknown |
Ibid |
|
ykzA |
COG1764/Stress-induced;
Possible org hydroperoxide res |
Völker et al (1998) |
|
yqgZ |
COG1393/Arsenate reductases
and related proteins |
Price et al (2001) |
|
ytxG |
Possible desiccation
stress protein |
Varón et al (1996) |
|
=ytxH |
unknown |
Ibid |
|
=ytxJ |
unknown |
Ibid |
|
yvyD |
COG1544/Ribosome associated
proteinY (PSrp-1) |
Drzewiecki et al (1998) |
|
ywjC |
unknown |
Price et al (2001) |
|
ywmE |
unknown |
Ibid |
|
ywtG |
COG0477/Permeases of
major facilitator superfamily |
Ibid |
1Listed alphabetically by
first gene of the transcriptional unit; additional sB-dependent genes in the
same transcriptional unit are indicated by an = sign.
2For genes whose function
is known by experiment, this function is indicated. Please refer to the SubtiList Database (http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/)
for the original reference to that function.
For genes whose function has not yet been established, please refer
to the COG Database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/COG/).
Category Two Genes. Possible recognition sequences; no experimental
confirmation.
Table 2 is under revision.
Category
Three Genes. No obvious recognition
sequences.
Table 3 is under revision.
References
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Price.
1996. Isolation and characterization of csbB, a gene controlled by
Bacillus subtilis
general stress transcription factor sB.
Gene 177:123-128.
Akbar, S., S. Y. Lee,
S. A. Boylan, and C. W. Price. 1999. Two genes from Bacillus subtilis under the sole control
of the general stress transcription factor sB.
Microbiology 145:1069-1078.
Antelmann, H., J. Bernhardt,
R. Schmid, and M. Hecker. 1995. A gene at 333 degrees on the Bacillus
subtilis
chromosome encodes the newly identified sB-dependent
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Antelmann, H., S. Engelmann,
R. Schmid, A. Sorokin, A. Lapidus, and M. Hecker. 1997a. Expression of a
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Antelmann, H., R. Schmid,
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